When it comes to penguins, everyone is familiar with them. Even if there is no personal contact, most of them have seen their cute appearance in documentaries.

Penguin is the collective name for the birds of the order Penguin in the animal kingdom. There are 18 species in total. Most of them are distributed in the southern hemisphere. Only one species is distributed in the Galapagos Island near the equator, that is, the island penguin. Due to the extremely narrow distribution area, it is difficult to resist the interference of external factors. Among the 18 species of penguins, 5 are endangered species, they are the northern rockhopper penguin, the eyebrow penguin, the yellow-eyed penguin, the South African penguin and the island penguin. What else do you need to know about penguins? Let's take a look together.

In people's impressions, penguins are seabirds that live in the frigid Antarctic glaciers or the wide seaside. Penguins can't fly. When they are on land, they look like western gentlemen in tuxedos. But the swimming ability of penguins is a super player among birds. The penguin is also the diving champion among birds, with a record of diving for 18 minutes and 265 meters underwater.

Penguins mainly feed on Antarctic krill, and sometimes some marine zooplankton such as brachiopods, squid and small fish. Penguins are resistant to severe cold, and their wings are said to be ice-proof. They live mainly in the southern hemisphere and are only relatively safe in colder climates.

Penguins are very social animals. It is common for a penguin colony to contain hundreds or thousands of penguins, making them one of the most gregarious birds. Whether they are swimming or eating, they will come together in groups and coordinate with each other.

In the cold environment of Antarctica, they also huddle together to warm each other. Especially young birds or penguin eggs will be protected in every detail in the center. Adult penguins are also not treated unfairly, and they move positions every 30-60 seconds on average, ensuring that each penguin can enjoy the warmth. Through this process, each penguin is able to maintain a body temperature of at least 21°C.

Research has shown that while we all sound the same as penguins, each penguin has a very unique voice. While hundreds of penguins are "singing", each penguin can still identify the voice of its partner. This is called the "cocktail effect" by scientists, which refers to the fact that the auditory system can choose the sound it wants to hear from the noisy sound. For example, in the downtown area, we can block out the noise and only hear the voices of our companions, which is also a manifestation of the "cocktail effect".