Elephants are the largest land animals on Earth and belong to the Elephantidae family in the mammalian class. They are known for their enormous size, which can reach up to 6-8 meters in length and weigh more than 5 tons.

The skin of an elephant is typically light gray to dark gray in color and has a large number of folds and wrinkles, which increase the surface area for heat dissipation.

The main external features of elephants are their flexible and muscular proboscis and large ears, which have the function of winding and serve as powerful tools for self-defense and predation.

Elephants are herbivores and eat plants such as leaves, branches, fruits, bark, grass, and roots. Due to their large size and strong digestive abilities, they need a lot of food every day.

An elephant can consume up to 150 kilograms of food a day, which is equivalent to 1-2% of its body weight. Elephants eat for a long time, around 16 hours a day, primarily in the morning, afternoon, and evening.

There are two types of elephants in the world – African elephants and Asian elephants. African elephants include African grassland elephants and African forest elephants. These magnificent creatures have a long lifespan, usually living to be 60 to 70 years old.

African savannah elephants can be found in almost all types of habitats on the African continent, from deserts to woodlands. African forest elephants mainly inhabit large areas of contiguous forest in Central Africa.

Elephants typically live in groups, with the family as the unit and the female elephant serving as the leader. The daily activity time, action route, foraging location, and habitat of the elephant herd are all under the command of the female elephant.

Adult male elephants are only responsible for protecting the safety of their families. Sometimes, several elephant herds gather together to form groups of hundreds of elephants.

When encountering an incident or danger, members will get together as soon as possible to help each other. When faced with danger, the family retreats or attacks together. Elephants are non-jumping mammals, and elephant feet have as many bones as other mammals but with fewer spaces between them.

Compared to other mammals, elephants have less flexible feet, lacking the elastic structure needed to jump off the ground. Therefore, although an elephant can walk faster than a man, it cannot run or jump.

Apart from their size and feeding habits, elephants have many other interesting characteristics. Elephants, for example, are highly intelligent and emotional animals. They can communicate through sounds, gestures, facial expressions, and touch, and display human-like emotions such as joy, sadness, fear, and anger.

Elephants also play a critical role in the ecosystem. They help maintain the balance of grasslands and forests, keeping vegetation growing by destroying branches and leaves, while also spreading seeds and fertilizers. In addition, elephant dung and urine provide nutrients to other creatures.

However, elephant populations are being impacted by human activities such as hunting, deforestation, and habitat destruction. Elephants are currently listed as an endangered species, and a global effort is needed to protect their environment and habitats and ensure their populations are maintained and increased.

Elephants are fascinating creatures that possess incredible strength, intelligence, and emotional depth. They play an essential role in the ecosystem and need our protection and conservation efforts to thrive.